New Blocks and Items and how to get them : 
Colored Glowstone (combine Glowstone and a dye)

New Fish
You can get them rarely when fishing!
Bass, Koi, Mahi Mahi, Sailfish, Tarpon, and Trout are the new fish added to the game
The fish have the same food values as the Tropical Fish.

Emerald Sword (Two emeralds and a stick)
Has a lot of strength, but not much durability
10 Attack Damage, 32 Durability

Obsidian Sword (Two obsidian and a stick)
Has a lot of durability, but not much strength

4 Attack Damage, 2031 Durability
 

Winged Boots (Four amethyst shards placed in two pillars, and two feathers on top of them)
Gives you Levitation when you are on the ground (similar to Turtle Helmet)
Use it to drop from higher places than usual! Works well with Feather Falling.

Casting Table 
Used to craft effect wands!
Crafted using a redstone block surrounded by quartz blocks

Effect Wands (Made using casting table)
Using one will give you a effect for a short time and a cooldown, but it works forever!
There's one for every potion in the game!
Has 10% of the time as the potion
Crafting in the casting table using 4 lingering potion surrounded by a stick.

Hamburger (Two bread with cooked beef in the middle)
Not the best food to eat...

Light Capsule (Torch with four Cobbled Deepslate surrounding it)
Tells you the Light Level of the current block you are on.
Use it to see where you should place torches!

Burrito (Wheat and Cooked Beef)
If you eat it, it'll make you fart and give you slowness.
Probably not the best food...

Glacite:

Found in snowy biomes. The mob seems to be a icy mountain shrunk down! It drops ice and snowballs.

Also:

You can see what biome you are in with a map
Use it to see where it will rain, or snow, or not!